Kuldeep Yadav (12) and Prasidh Krishna (1) were at the crease at stumps.
Rain and a wet outfield delayed the start until 2.35pm. The long interruption appeared to help Sri Lanka, whose bowlers returned with better lines and lengths than on the opening day and restricted the scoring options for India’s batters.
India lost seven wickets for 172 runs, with some wickets coming from Sri Lanka’s bowling and others from mistakes by the Indian batters.
Padikkal resumed on 131 and reached his maiden 150 in 215 balls, pulling pacer Asitha Fernando for a boundary. Before that, however, India had lost their other overnight batter, Rishabh Pant, for 39.